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Country: Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) Objective: Corporate Espionage, Financial Gain (Page Last Updated: November 23, 2024) Organizations:

  • 313 General Bureau of the Munitions Industry Department (MID)
  • The Ministry of Atomic Energy Industry
  • Ministry of Defense
  • Korea People's Army
  • DPRK Education Commission's Foreign Trade Office
  • Pyongyang Information Technology Bureau of the Central Committee's Science and Education Department
  • Pyongyang University of Automation (training)
  • Technical Reconnaissance Bureau
    • subordinate cyber unit: 110th Research Center
  • Chinyong Information Technology Cooperation Company (Chinyong)

Companies employing DPRK IT workers:

  • Yanbian Silverstar Network Technology Co. Ltd.
  • Volasys Silver Star

Identified individuals assisting DPRK IT workers:

  • Minh Phuong Vong
  • Matthew Isaac Knoot
  • Christina Marie Chapman
  • Oleksandr Didenko
  • Sim Hyon Sop (Sim)

Groups or Aliases:

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

Unknown Date

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2022

Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: People's Republic of China Organization: N/A Objective: Espionage (Page Last Updated: December 06, 2024)

Aliases:

Vulnerabilities Exploited

  • ProxyLogon (Sources: ESET, Kaspersky, Sygnia, Trend Micro):
    • CVE-2021-26855 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    • CVE-2021-26857 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    • CVE-2021-26858 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    • CVE-2021-27065 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog)
  • Source: Trend Micro
    • CVE-2023-46805 (8.2 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
    • CVE-2024-21887 (9.1 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Command Injection Vulnerability
    • CVE-2023-48788 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Fortinet FortiClient EMS SQL Injection Vulnerability
    • CVE-2022-3236 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Sophos Firewall Code Injection Vulnerability
  • unidentified Microsoft SharePoint and Oracle Opera business software vulnerabilities (Source: ESET)
  • CVE-2017-11882 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog. Note: associated with alias Tropic Trooper) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: Trend Micro
  • CVE-2012-0158 (8.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog. Note: associated with alias Tropic Trooper, KeyBoy) Microsoft MSCOMCTL.OCX Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Sources: Unit 42, Citizen Lab
  • CVE-2017-0199 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog. Note: associated with alias Tropic Trooper) Microsoft Office and WordPad Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Source: Citizen Lab
  • CVE-2015-1641 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog. Note: associated with alias KeyBoy) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: Citizen Lab

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: People's Republic of China Organization: Integrity Technology Group Objective: Espionage, Information theft (Page last updated: October 13, 2024)

Aliases (sorted alphabetically):

Associated Company

Integrity Technology Group (Integrity Tech) (Source: FBI (PDF)) aka Yongxin Zhicheng, 永信至诚

Vulnerabilities Exploited

Source: FBI

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

2024

2023

2022

2020

  • May 20, 2020?? – PRC Ministry of State Security: 前沿 | 网络靶场,未来安全的基础设施 (web archive of a MSS-run periodical reprinted on IntegrityTech's website, English translation: “Frontier | Cyber ​​Range, the secure infrastructure of the future”)

Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: Islamic Republic of Iran Organization: Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) Objective: Espionage, Sabotage (Page last updated October 12, 2024)

Aliases (sorted alphabetically):

Sub-group:

Known Associates

  • Mojtaba Mostafavi. Source: U.S. Treasury (linked by PwC, via Lab Dookhtegan leaks)
  • Farzin Karimi Mazlganchai: PwC

Vulnerabilities Exploited

  • CVE-2024-30088, (CVSS3v1: 7.0 high) Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability Source: Trend Micro
  • CVE-2019-0604 (CVE, NVD. CVSSv3.1: 9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft SharePoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Source: Microsoft
  • CVE-2017-11882 (CVE, NVD. CVSSv3.1: 7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: Mandiant
  • CVE-2017-0199 (CVE, NVD, CVSS3v1: 7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office and WordPad Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Source: Unit 42

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs)

Known Tools Used

As listed by MITRE

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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2021

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Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: People's Republic of China Organization: Loosely connected private contractors operating on behalf of China’s Ministry of State Security (MSS). Some have worked at Chengdu 404 Network Technology Objective: Espionage, Information theft, Financial crime (Page last updated: December 05, 2024)

Aliases (sorted alphabetically):

Subgroups

Identified Members

Associated Company

Chengdu Si Lingsi (404) Network Technology Company Ltd. (成都市肆零肆网络科技有限公司)

Vulnerabilities Exploited

  • CVE-2018-0824 (7.5 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft COM for Windows Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Source: Cisco
  • CVE-2017-0199 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office and WordPad Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Sources: Clearsky, Fortinet, FireEye
  • CVE-2019-3396 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center Server-Side Template Injection Vulnerability. Sources: FireEye, Fortinet
  • CVE-2015-1641 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: Fortinet
  • CVE-2012-0158 (8.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft MSCOMCTL.OCX Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Sources: Fortinet, FireEye
  • CVE-2017-11882 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: FireEye

The following 7 vulnerabilities have the same source: U.S. DOJ

  • CVE-2019-19781 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Citrix ADC, Gateway, and SD-WAN WANOP Appliance Code Execution Vulnerability Additional sources: FireEye, Fortinet
  • CVE-2019-11510 (10.0 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Ivanti Pulse Connect Secure Arbitrary File Read Vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-16920 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) D-Link Multiple Routers Command Injection Vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-16278 (9.8 critical) Nostromo 1.9.6 Directory Traversal/ Remote Command Execution Vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-1652 (7.2 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Cisco Small Business Routers Improper Input Validation Vulnerability. Additional source: FireEye
  • CVE-2019-1653 (7.5 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers Information Disclosure Vulnerability. Additional source: FireEye
  • CVE-2020-10189 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central File Upload Vulnerability. Additional sources: FireEye, Fortinet

The following 2 vulnerabilities have the same source: Mandiant

  • CVE-2021-44228 (10.0 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Apache Log4j2 Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (aka Log4Shell).
  • CVE-2021-44207 (8.1 high) Acclaim USAHERDS Hard-Coded Credentials Vulnerability

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

Mapped to MITRE ATT&CK Navigator Layers

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: Russia Organization: Russian General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 161st Specialist Training Center (Unit 29155) Objective: Espionage, Sabotage, Assassinations, Influence Operations (Page last updated: September 07, 2024)

Aliases:

Identified Members

Vulnerabilities Exploited

  • CVE-2017-11882 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability Source: Unit 42

The following 5 vulnerabilities have the same source: CISA

  • CVE-2021-33044 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Dahua IP Camera Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
  • CVE-2021-33045 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Dahua IP Camera Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-26134 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-26138 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Atlassian Questions For Confluence App Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-3236 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Sophos Firewall Code Injection Vulnerability

Exploitation Likely

CISA and co-authoring agencies warned on 06 September 2024 that Unit 29155 cyber actors have been observed obtaining the respective exploit scripts for the following 5 vulnerabilities:

  • CVE-2020-1472 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Microsoft Netlogon Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
  • CVE-2021-26084 (9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) Injection Vulnerability
  • CVE-2021-3156 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Sudo Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
  • CVE-2021-4034 (7.8 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Red Hat Polkit Out-of-Bounds Read and Write Vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-27666 (7.8 high) Red Hat: IPSec ESP Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

Mapped to MITRE ATT&CK Navigator Layers

screenshot of Russia GRU Unit 29155 MITRE ATT&CK TTPs in a visual chart compiled using ATT&CK Navigator Layers

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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2021

Country: Islamic Republic of Iran Organization: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Intelligence Organization (IRGC-IO) Objective: Espionage, Intelligence collection (Page last updated December 05, 2024)

Aliases:

Sub-group:

Identified Members

General Information:

Vulnerabilities Exploited

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

Mapped to MITRE ATT&CK

Known Tools Used

External link: MITRE

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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2023

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2016

Country: People's Republic of China (PRC) Organization: Hainan State Security Department (HSSD), of the Ministry of State Security (MSS) Objective: Espionage

Aliases:

  • Bronze Mohawk (Secureworks)
  • Leviathan/Kryptonite Panda (CrowdStrike)
  • Gadolinium (formerly used by Microsoft)
  • Gingam Typhoon (Microsoft)
  • FEVERDREAM, G0065, GreenCrash, Hellsing, Mudcarp, Periscope
  • Temp.Periscope/ Temp.Jumper (FireEye)

Front Company

  • Hainan Xiandun Technology Development Co., Ltd. (海南仙盾) (Hainan Xiandun) (Note: disbanded)

Identified Members

  • Ding Xiaoyang (丁晓阳)
  • Cheng Qingmin (程庆民)
  • Zhu Yunmin (朱允敏)
  • Wu Shurong (吴淑荣)

References:

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

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Country: People's Republic of China Organization: N/A Objective: Espionage (Page Last Updated: December 05, 2024)

Aliases:

Vulnerabilities Exploited

  • CVE-2024-39717 (CVSSv3.1: 6.6 medium, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Versa Director Dangerous File Type Upload Vulnerability Source: Lumen
  • CVE-2022-42475 (CVSSv3.1: 9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Source: CISA
  • Source: Versa Networks
    • CVE-2023-27997 (CVSSv3.1: 9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
    • CVE-2024-21762 (CVSSv3.1: 9.8 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability
    • CVE-2023-46805 (CVSSv3.1: 8.2 high, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
    • CVE-2024-21887 (CVSSv3.1: 9.1 critical, in CISA's KEV Catalog) Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Command Injection Vulnerability

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

2024

2023

Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat

Country: Russia Organization: Russian General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 85th special Service Centre (GTsSS) Military Intelligence Unit 26165. Objective: Espionage WORK IN PROGRESS! (Page last updated: September 09, 2024)

Aliases:

  • APT28 (MITRE, Mandiant)
  • Fancy Bear (CrowdStrike)
  • Sofacy (F-Secure)
  • Sednit or Sednit Group (ESET)
  • Group 74 (Cisco Talos Intelligence)
  • IRON TWILIGHT (Secureworks)
  • Strontium (formerly used by Microsoft)
  • Forest Blizzard (Microsoft)
  • Pawn Storm (Trend Micro)
  • Swallowtail (Symantec)
  • BlueDelta (Recorded Future)
  • UAC-0028 (CERT-UA)
  • TA422 (Proofpoint)
  • Fighting Ursa (Unit 42)
  • FROZENLAKE (Google Threat Analysis Group)

Possible Ties

Identified Members

Still parsing through the indictments.

Vulnerabilities Exploited

Coming soon! There's a lot.

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

Mapped to MITRE ATT&CK Navigator Layers

References

Disclaimer: Not an exhaustive list of resources. Most contain actionable intelligence, not just news reporting.

Links (Sorted in Chronological Order)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2018

2016

2015

Feedback: Please direct message any comments, concerns, corrections or questions to https://infosec.exchange/@screaminggoat