Infosec Press

Reader

Read the latest posts from Infosec Press.

from csantosb

img
Remote #ci is the way to go in #modernhw digital design testing. In this #ciseries, let’s see it in practice with some detail using two of the most popular forges out there.

Gitlab

The gitlab #gitforge includes tones of features. Among these, a facility called the container registry, which stores per project container images. Guix pack allows the creation of custom #reproductible environments as images. In particular, it is possible to create a docker image out of our manifest and channels files with

guix time-machine -C channels.scm -- pack --compression=xz --save-provenance -f docker -m manifest.scm

Check the documentation for options.
Remember that there are obviously alternative methods to produce docker images. The point on using guix resides on its reproducibility capabilities: you’ll be able to create a new, identical docker image, out of the manifest and channels files at any point in time. Even more: you’ll have the capacity to retrieve your manifest file out of the binary image in case your manifest file gets lost.
Then, this image must be loaded into the local docker store with

docker load < IMAGE

and renamed to something meaningful

docker tag IMAGE:latest gitlab-registry.whatever.fr/domain/group/NAME:TAG

go remote

img
Finally, pushed to the remote container registry of your project with

docker push gitlab-registry.whatever.fr/domain/group/NAME:TAG

At this point, you have an environment where you’ll run your tests using gitlab's ci features. You’ll set up your gitlab’s runners and manifest files to use this container to execute your jobs.
As an alternative, you could use a ssh executor running on your own fast and powerful hardware resources (dedicated machine, shared cluster, etc.). In this case, you’d rather produce an apptainer container image with:

guix time-machine -C channels.scm -- pack -f squashfs ...

scp this container file to your computing resources and call it from the #gitlab runner.

Github

The github is probably the most popular #gitforge out there. It follows a similar to #gitlab in its conception (pull requests and merge requests, you catch the idea ?). It also includes a container registry, and the set of features if offers may be exchanged with ease with any other #gitforge following the same paradigm. No need to go into more details.
There is a couple of interesting tips about using #github, though. It happens more usually than not that users encounter frequently problems of #reproducibility when using container images hosted on ghcr.io, the hosting service for user images. These images are usually employed for running #ci testing pipelines, and they usually break as upstream changes happen: updates, image definition changes, image packages upgrades, etc. If you read my dependencies hell post, this should ring a bell.
What can be done about in what concerns #modernhw ? Well, we have #guix. Let’s try a differente approach: building an image locally, and pushing it to #github registry. Let’s see how.

in practice

An example repository shows tha way to proceed. Its contents allow to create a docker container image to be hosted remotely. It includes all that’s necessary to perform remote #ci testing of a #modernhw #vhdl design.

docker pull ghcr.io/csantosb/hdl
docker images # check $ID
docker run -ti $ID bash

It includes a couple of #plaintext files to produce a #deterministic container. First, the channels.scm file with the list of guix chanels to use to pull packages from. Then, a manifest.scm, with the list of packages to be install within the container.
The image container may be build with

image=$(guix time-machine --channels=channels.scm -- \
             pack -f docker \
             -S /bin=bin \
             --save-provenance \
             -m manifest.scm)

At this point, it is to be load to the docker store with

docker load < $image
# docker images

Now it is time to tag the image

docker tag IMID ghcr.io/USER/REPO:RELEASE

and login to ghcr.io

docker login -u USER -p PASSWORD ghcr.io

Finally, the image is to be push remotely

docker push ghcr.io/USER/HDL:RELEASE

test

You’ll may test this image using the neorv32 project, for example, with:

docker pull ghcr.io/csantosb/hdl
docker run -ti ID bash
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32
cd neorv32
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32-vunit test
cd test
rm -rf neorv32
ln -sf ../../neorv32 neorv32
python3 sim/run.py --ci-mode -v
 
Read more...

from Ducks

From 49.12.82.250 to 195.201.173.222 Lots of domains moved , both ips in Hetzner space. Many of the domanis are fake crypto investing sites #cryptoscam. And other scam sites.

 
Read more...

from Тетрадка | Notebook

I.

1 When the heavens above did not exist, 2 And earth beneath had not come into being — 3 There was Apsû, the first in order, their begetter, 4 And demiurge Tia-mat, who gave birth to them all; 5 They had mingled their waters together 6 Before meadow-land had coalesced and reed-bed was to he found — 7 When not one of the gods had been formed 8 Or had come into being, when no destinies had been decreed, 9 The gods were created within them: 10 Lah(mu and Lah(amu were formed and came into being. 11 While they grew and increased in stature 12 Anšar and Kišar, who excelled them, were created. 13 They prolonged their days, they multiplied their years. 14 Anu, their son, could rival his fathers. 15 Anu, the son, equalled Anšar, 16 And Anu begat Nudimmud, his own equal. 17 Nudimmud was the champion among his fathers: 18 Profoundly discerning, wise, of robust strength; 19 Very much stronger than his father's begetter, Anšar 20 He had no rival among the gods, his brothers. 21 The divine brothers came together, 22 Their clamour got loud, throwing Tia-mat into a turmoil. 23 They jarred the nerves of Tia-mat, 24 And by their dancing they spread alarm in Anduruna. 25 Apsû did not diminish their clamour, 26 And Tia-mat was silent when confronted with them. 27 Their conduct was displeasing to her, 28 Yet though their behaviour was not good, she wished to spare them. 29 Thereupon Apsû, the begetter of the great gods, 30 Called Mummu, his vizier, and addressed him, 31 “Vizier Mummu, who gratifies my pleasure, 32 Come, let us go to Tia-mat!” 33 They went and sat, facing Tia-mat, 34 As they conferred about the gods, their sons. 35 Apsû opened his mouth 36 And addressed Tia-mat 37 “Their behaviour has become displeasing to me 38 And I cannot rest in the day-time or sleep at night. 39 I will destroy and break up their way of life 40 That silence may reign and we may sleep.” 41 When Tia-mat heard this 42 She raged and cried out to her spouse, 43 She cried in distress, fuming within herself, 44 She grieved over the (plotted) evil, 45 “How can we destroy what we have given birth to? 46 Though their behaviour causes distress, let us tighten discipline graciously.” 47 Mummu spoke up with counsel for Apsû— 48 (As from) a rebellious vizier was the counsel of his Mummu— 49 “Destroy, my father, that lawless way of life, 50 That you may rest in the day-time and sleep by night!” 51 Apsû was pleased with him, his face beamed 52 Because he had plotted evil against the gods, his sons. 53 Mummu put his arms around Apsû's neck, 54 He sat on his knees kissing him. 55 What they plotted in their gathering 56 Was reported to the gods, their sons. 57 The gods heard it and were frantic. 58 They were overcome with silence and sat quietly. 59 Ea, who excels in knowledge, the skilled and learned, 60 Ea, who knows everything, perceived their tricks. 61 He fashioned it and made it to be all-embracing, 62 He executed it skilfully as supreme—his pure incantation. 63 He recited it and set it on the waters, 64 He poured sleep upon him as he was slumbering deeply. 65 He put Apsû to slumber as he poured out sleep, 66 And Mummu, the counsellor, was breathless with agitation. 67 He split (Apsû's) sinews, ripped off his crown, 68 Carried away his aura and put it on himself. 69 He bound Apsû and killed him; 70 Mummu he confined and handled roughly. 71 He set his dwelling upon Apsû, 72 And laid hold on Mummu, keeping the nose-rope in his hand. 73 After Ea had bound and slain his enemies, 74 Had achieved victory over his foes, 75 He rested quietly in his chamber, 76 He called it Apsû, whose shrines he appointed. 77 Then he founded his living-quarters within it, 78 And Ea and Damkina, his wife, sat in splendour. 79 In the chamber of the destinies, the room of the archetypes, 80 The wisest of the wise, the sage of the gods, Be-l was conceived. 81 In Apsû was Marduk born, 82 In pure Apsû was Marduk born. 83 Ea his father begat him, 84 Damkina his mother bore him. 85 He sucked the breasts of goddesses, 86 A nurse reared him and filled him with terror. 87 His figure was well developed, the glance of his eyes was dazzling, 88 His growth was manly, he was mighty from the beginning. 89 Anu, his father's begetter, saw him, 90 He exulted and smiled; his heart filled with joy. 91 Anu rendered him perfect: his divinity was remarkable, 92 And he became very lofty, excelling them in his attributes. 93 His members were incomprehensibly wonderful, 94 Incapable of being grasped with the mind, hard even to look on. 95 Four were his eyes, four his ears, 96 Flame shot forth as he moved his lips. 97 His four ears grew large, 93 And his eyes likewise took in everything. 99 His figure was lofty and superior in comparison with the gods, 100 His limbs were surpassing, his nature was superior. 101 'Mari-utu, Mari-utu, 102 The Son, the Sun-god, the Sun-god of the gods.' 103 He was clothed with the aura of the Ten Gods, so exalted was his strength, 104 The Fifty Dreads were loaded upon him. 105 Anu formed and gave birth to the four winds, 106 He delivered them to him, “My son, let them whirl!” 107 He formed dust and set a hurricane to drive it, 108 He made a wave to bring consternation on Tia-mat. 109 Tia-mat was confounded; day and night she was frantic. 110 The gods took no rest, they . . . . . . . 111 In their minds they plotted evil, 112 And addressed their mother Tia-mat, 113 “When Apsû, your spouse, was killed, 114 You did not go at his side, but sat quietly. 115 The four dreadful winds have been fashioned 116 To throw you into confusion, and we cannot sleep. 117 You gave no thought to Apsû, your spouse, 113 Nor to Mummu, who is a prisoner. Now you sit alone. 119 Henceforth you will be in frantic consternation! 120 And as for us, who cannot rest, you do not love us! 121 Consider our burden, our eyes are hollow. 122 Break the immovable yoke that we may sleep. 123 Make battle, avenge them! 124 [ . . ] . . . . reduce to nothingness! 125 Tia-mat heard, the speech pleased her, 126 (She said,) “Let us make demons, [as you] have advised.” 127 The gods assembled within her. 128 They conceived [evil] against the gods their begetters. 129 They . . . . . and took the side of Tia-mat, 130 Fiercely plotting, unresting by night and day, 131 Lusting for battle, raging, storming, 132 They set up a host to bring about conflict. 133 Mother H(ubur, who forms everything, 134 Supplied irresistible weapons, and gave birth to giant serpents. 135 They had sharp teeth, they were merciless . . . . 136 With poison instead of blood she filled their bodies. 137 She clothed the fearful monsters with dread, 138 She loaded them with an aura and made them godlike. 139 (She said,) “Let their onlooker feebly perish, 140 May they constantly leap forward and never retire.” 141 She created the Hydra, the Dragon, the Hairy Hero 142 The Great Demon, the Savage Dog, and the Scorpion-man, 143 Fierce demons, the Fish-man, and the Bull-man, 144 Carriers of merciless weapons, fearless in the face of battle. 145 Her commands were tremendous, not to be resisted. 146 Altogether she made eleven of that kind. 147 Among the gods, her sons, whom she constituted her host, 148 She exalted Qingu, and magnified him among them. 149 The leadership of the army, the direction of the host, 150 The bearing of weapons, campaigning, the mobilization of conflict, 151 The chief executive power of battle, supreme command, 152 She entrusted to him and set him on a throne, 153 “I have cast the spell for you and exalted you in the host of the gods, 154 I have delivered to you the rule of all the gods. 155 You are indeed exalted, my spouse, you are renowned, 156 Let your commands prevail over all the Anunnaki.” 157 She gave him the Tablet of Destinies and fastened it to his breast, 158 (Saying) “Your order may not be changed; let the utterance of your mouth be firm.” 159 After Qingu was elevated and had acquired the power of Anuship, 160 He decreed the destinies for the gods, her sons: 161 “May the utterance of your mouths subdue the fire-god, 162 May your poison by its accumulation put down aggression.”

II.

1 Tia-mat gathered together her creation 2 And organised battle against the gods, her offspring. 3 Henceforth Tia-mat plotted evil because of Apsû 4 It became known to Ea that she had arranged the conflict. 5 Ea heard this matter, 6 He lapsed into silence in his chamber and sat motionless. 7 After he had reflected and his anger had subsided 8 He directed his steps to Anšar his father. 9 He entered the presence of the father of his begetter, Anšar, 10 And related to him all of Tia-mat's plotting. 11 “My father, Tia-mat our mother has conceived a hatred for us, 12 She has established a host in her savage fury. 13 All the gods have turned to her, 14 Even those you (pl.) begat also take her side 15 They . . . . . and took the side of Tia-mat, 16 Fiercely plotting, unresting by night and day, 17 Lusting for battle, raging, storming, 18 They set up a host to bring about conflict. 19 Mother H(ubur, who forms everything, 20 Supplied irresistible weapons, and gave birth to giant serpents. 21 They had sharp teeth, they were merciless. 22 With poison instead of blood she filled their bodies. 23 She clothed the fearful monsters with dread, 24 She loaded them with an aura and made them godlike. 25 (She said,) “Let their onlooker feebly perish, 26 May they constantly leap forward and never retire.” 27 She created the Hydra, the Dragon, the Hairy Hero, 28 The Great Demon, the Savage Dog, and the Scorpion-man, 29 Fierce demons, the Fish-man, and the Bull-man, 30 Carriers of merciless weapons, fearless in the face of battle. 31 Her commands were tremendous, not to be resisted. 32 Altogether she made eleven of that kind. 33 Among the gods, her sons, whom she constituted her host, 34 She exalted Qingu and magnified him among them. 35 The leadership of the army, the direction of the host, 36 The bearing of weapons, campaigning, the mobilization of conflict, 37 The chief executive power of battle supreme command, 38 She entrusted to him and set him on a throne. 39 “I have cast the spell for you and exalted you in the host of the gods, 40 I have delivered to you the rule of all the gods. 41 You are indeed exalted, my spouse, you are renowned, 42 Let your commands prevail over all the Anunnaki.” 43 She gave him the tablet of Destinies and fastened it to his breast, 44 (Saying) “Your order may not he changed; let the utterance of your mouth be firm.” 45 After Qingu was elevated and had acquired the power of Anuship 46 He decreed the destinies for the gods. her sons: 47 “May the utterance of your mouths subdue the fire-god, 48 May your poison by its accumulation put down aggression.” 49 Anšar heard; the matter was profoundly disturbing. 50 He cried “Woe!” and bit his lip. 51 His heart was in fury, his mind could not be calmed. 52 Over Ea his son his cry was faltering. 53 “My son, you who provoked the war, 54 Take responsibility for whatever you alone have done! 55 You set out and killed Apsû, 56 And as for Tia-mat, whom you made furious, where is her equal?” 57 The gatherer of counsel, the learned prince, 58 The creator of wisdom, the god Nudimmud 59 With soothing words and calming utterance 60 Gently answered [his] father Anšar 61 “My father, deep mind, who decrees destiny, 62 Who has the power to bring into being and destroy, 63 Anšar, deep mind, who decrees destiny, 64 Who has the power to bring into being and to destroy, 65 I want to say something to you, calm down for me for a moment 66 And consider that I performed a helpful deed. 67 Before I killed Apsû 68 Who could have seen the present situation? 69 Before I quickly made an end of him 70 What were the circumstances were I to destroy him?” 71 Anšar heard, the words pleased him. 72 His heart relaxed to speak to Ea, 73 “My son, your deeds are fitting for a god, 74 You are capable of a fierce, unequalled blow . . [ . . . ] 75 Ea, your deeds are fitting for a god, 76 You are capable of a fierce, unequalled blow . . [ . . . ] 77 Go before Tia-mat and appease her attack, 78 . . [ . . . ] . . . her fury with [your] incantation.” 79 He heard the speech of Anšar his father, 80 He took the road to her, proceeded on the route to her. 81 He went, he perceived the tricks of Tia-mat, 82 [He stopped], fell silent, and turned back. 83 [He] entered the presence of august Anšar 84 Penitently addressing him, 85 “[My father], Tia-mat's deeds are too much for me. 86 I perceived her planning, and [my] incantation was not equal (to it). 87 Her strength is mighty, she is full of dread, 88 She is altogether very strong, none can go against her. 89 Her very loud cry did not diminish, 90 [I became afraid] of her cry and turned back. 91 [My father], do not lose hope, send a second person against her. 92 Though a woman's strength is very great, it is not equal to a man's. 93 Disband her cohorts, break up her plans 94 Before she lays her hands on us.” 95 Anšar cried out in intense fury, 96 Addressing Anu his son, 97 “Honoured son, hero, warrior, 98 Whose strength is mighty, whose attack is irresistible 99 Hasten and stand before Tia-mat, 100 Appease her rage that her heart may relax 101 If she does not harken to your words, 102 Address to her words of petition that she may be appeased.” 103 He heard the speech of Anšar his father, 104 He took the road to her, proceeded on the route to her. 105 Anu went, he perceived the tricks of Tia-mat, 106 He stopped, fell silent, and turned back. 107 He entered the presence of Anšar the father who begat him, 108 Penitently addressing him. 109 “My father, Tia-mat's [deeds] are too much for me. 110 I perceived her planning, but my [incantation] was not [equal] (to it). 111 Her strength is mighty, she is [full] of dread, 112 She is altogether very strong, no one [can go against her]. 113 Her very loud noise does not diminish, 114 I became afraid of her cry and turned back. 115 My father, do not lose hope, send another person against her. 116 Though a woman's strength is very great, it is not equal to a man's. 117 Disband her cohorts, break up her plans, 118 Before she lays her hands on us.” 119 Anšar lapsed into silence, staring at the ground, 120 He nodded to Ea, shaking his head. 121 The Igigi and all the Anunnaki had assembled, 122 They sat in tight-lipped silence. 123 No god would go to face . . [ . . ] 124 Would go out against Tia-mat . . . . [ . . ] 125 Yet the lord Anšar, the father of the great gods, 126 Was angry in his heart, and did not summon any one. 127 A mighty son, the avenger of his father, 128 He who hastens to war, the warrior Marduk 129 Ea summoned (him) to his private chamber 130 To explain to him his plans. 131 “Marduk, give counsel, listen to your father. 132 You are my son, who gives me pleasure, 133 Go reverently before Anšar, 134 Speak, take your stand, appease him with your glance.” 135 Be-l rejoiced at his father's words, 136 He drew near and stood in the presence of Anšar. 137 Anšar saw him, his heart filled with satisfaction, 138 He kissed his lips and removed his fear. 139 “My [father] do not hold your peace, but speak forth, 140 I will go and fulfil your desires! 141 [Anšar,] do not hold your peace, but speak forth, 142 I will go and fulfil your desires! 143 Which man has drawn up his battle array against you? 144 And will Tia-mat, who is a woman, attack you with (her) weapons? 145 [“My father], begetter, rejoice and be glad, 146 Soon you will tread on the neck of Tia-mat! 147 [Anšar], begetter, rejoice and be glad, 148 Soon you will tread on the neck of Tia-mat! 149 [“Go,] my son, conversant with all knowledge, 150 Appease Tia-mat with your pure spell. 151 Drive the storm chariot without delay, 152 And with a [ . . ] which cannot be repelled turn her back.” 153 Be-l rejoiced at his father's words, 154 With glad heart he addressed his father, 155 “Lord of the gods, Destiny of the great gods, 156 If I should become your avenger, 157 If I should bind Tia-mat and preserve you, 158 Convene an assembly and proclaim for me an exalted destiny. 159 Sit, all of you, in Upšukkinakku with gladness, 160 And let me, with my utterance, decree destinies instead of you. 161 Whatever I instigate must not be changed, 162 Nor may my command be nullified or altered.”

III.

1 Anšar opened his mouth 2 And addressed Kaka, his vizier, 3 “Vizier Kaka, who gratifies my pleasure, 4 I will send you to Lah(mu and Lah(amu. 5 You are skilled in making inquiry, learned in address. 6 Have the gods, my fathers, brought to my presence. 7 Let all the gods be brought, 8 Let them confer as they sit at table. 9 Let them eat grain, let them drink ale, 10 Let them decree the destiny for Marduk their avenger. 11 Go, be gone, Kaka, stand before them, 12 And repeat to them all that I tell you: 13 “Anšar, your son, has sent me, 14 And I am to explain his plans. 15-52 = II, 11-48 ( instead of 'My father,' put ' 'Thus,' ) 53 I sent Anu, but he could not face her. 54 Nudimmud took fright and retired. 55 Marduk, the sage of the gods, your son, has come forward, 56 He has determined to meet Tia-mat. 57 He has spoken to me and said, 58-64 = II, 156-162 ( begin with quotation marks: “If ) 65 Quickly, now, decree your destiny for him without delay, 66 That he may go and face your powerful enemy.” 67 Kaka went. He directed his steps 68 To Lah(mu and Lah(amu, the gods his fathers. 69 He prostrated himself, he kissed the ground before them, 70 He got up, saying to them he stood, 71-124 = II, 13-66 125 When Lah(h(a and Lah(amu heard, they cried aloud. 126 All the Igigi moaned in distress, 127 “What has gone wrong that she took this decision about us? 128 We did not know what Tia-mat was doing.” 129 All the great gods who decree destinies 130 Gathered as they went, 131 They entered the presence of Anšar and became filled with [joy], 132 They kissed one another as they . [ . . ] in the assembly. 133 They conferred as they sat at table, 134 They ate grain, they drank ale. 135 They strained the sweet liquor through their straws, 136 As they drank beer and felt good, 137 They became quite carefree, their mood was merry, 138 And they decreed the fate for Marduk, their avenger.

IV.

1 Anšar opened his mouth 2 And addressed Kaka, his vizier, 3 “Vizier Kaka, who gratifies my pleasure, 4 I will send you to Lah(mu and Lah(amu. 5 You are skilled in making inquiry, learned in address. 6 Have the gods, my fathers, brought to my presence. 7 Let all the gods be brought, 8 Let them confer as they sit at table. 9 Let them eat grain, let them drink ale, 10 Let them decree the destiny for Marduk their avenger. 11 Go, be gone, Kaka, stand before them, 12 And repeat to them all that I tell you: 13 “Anšar, your son, has sent me, 14 And I am to explain his plans. 15-52 = II, 11-48 ( instead of 'My father,' put ' 'Thus,' ) 53 I sent Anu, but he could not face her. 54 Nudimmud took fright and retired. 55 Marduk, the sage of the gods, your son, has come forward, 56 He has determined to meet Tia-mat. 57 He has spoken to me and said, 58-64 = II, 156-162 ( begin with quotation marks: “If ) 65 Quickly, now, decree your destiny for him without delay, 66 That he may go and face your powerful enemy.” 67 Kaka went. He directed his steps 68 To Lah(mu and Lah(amu, the gods his fathers. 69 He prostrated himself, he kissed the ground before them, 70 He got up, saying to them he stood, 71-124 = II, 13-66 125 When Lah(h(a and Lah(amu heard, they cried aloud. 126 All the Igigi moaned in distress, 127 “What has gone wrong that she took this decision about us? 128 We did not know what Tia-mat was doing.” 129 All the great gods who decree destinies 130 Gathered as they went, 131 They entered the presence of Anšar and became filled with [joy], 132 They kissed one another as they . [ . . ] in the assembly. 133 They conferred as they sat at table, 134 They ate grain, they drank ale. 135 They strained the sweet liquor through their straws, 136 As they drank beer and felt good, 137 They became quite carefree, their mood was merry, 138 And they decreed the fate for Marduk, their avenger.

V

1 He fashioned heavenly stations for the great gods, 2 And set up constellations, the patterns of the stars. 3 He appointed the year, marked off divisions, 4 And set up three stars each for the twelve months. 5 After he had organized the year, 6 He established the heavenly station of Ne-beru to fix the stars' intervals. 7 That none should transgress or be slothful 8 He fixed the heavenly stations of Enlil and Ea with it. 9 Gates he opened on both sides, 10 And put strong bolts at the left and the right. 11 He placed the heights (of heaven) in her (Tia-mat's) belly, 12 He created Nannar, entrusting to him the night. 13 He appointed him as the jewel of the night to fix the days, 14 And month by month without ceasing he elevated him with a crown, 15 (Saying,) “Shine over the land at the beginning of the month, 16 Resplendent with horns to fix six days. 17 On the seventh day the crown will be half size, 18 On the fifteenth day, halfway through each month, stand in opposition. 19 When Šamaš [sees] you on the horizon, 20 Diminish in the proper stages and shine backwards. 21 On the 29th day, draw near to the path of Šamaš, 22 . [ . . ] the 30th day, stand in conjunction and rival Šamaš. 23 I have ( . . . . ] . the sign, follow its track, 24 Draw near . . ( . . . . . ) give judgment. 25 . [ . . . . ] . Šamaš, constrain [murder] and violence, 26 . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] . me. * * * * * * 35 At the end [ . . . 36 Let there [be] the 29th day [ . . . “ 37 After [he had . . . . ] the decrees [ . . . 38 The organization of front and . [ . . . 39 He made the day [ . . . 40 Let the year be equally [ . . . 41 At the new year [ . . . 42 The year . . . . . [ . . . 43 Let there be regularly [ . . . 44 The projecting bolt [ . . . 45 After he had [ . . . 46 The watches of night and day [ . . . 47 The foam which Tia-mat [ . . . 48 Marduk fashioned [ . . . 49 He gathered it together and made it into clouds. 50 The raging of the winds, violent rainstorms, 51 The billowing of mist—the accumulation of her spittle— 52 He appointed for himself and took them in his hand. 53 He put her head in position and poured out . . [ . . ] . 54 He opened the abyss and it was sated with water. 55 From her two eyes he let the Euphrates and Tigris flow, 56 He blocked her nostrils, but left . . 57 He heaped up the distant [mountains] on her breasts, 58 He bored wells to channel the springs. 59 He twisted her tail and wove it into the Durmah(u, 60 [ . . . ] . . the Apsû beneath his feet. 61 [He set up] her crotch—it wedged up the heavens— 62 [(Thus) the half of her] he stretched out and made it firm as the earth. 63 [After] he had finished his work inside Tia-mat, 64 [He spread] his net and let it right out. 65 He surveyed the heavens and the earth . . [ . ] . 66 [ . . ] their bonds . . . . . . . 67 After he had formulated his regulations and composed [his] decrees, 68 He attached guide-ropes and put them in Ea's hands. 69 [The Tablet] of Destinies which Qingu had taken and carried, 70 He took charge of it as a trophy (?) and presented it to Anu. 71 [The . ] . of battle, which he had tied on or had put on his head, 72 [ . ] . he brought before his fathers. 73 [Now] the eleven creatures to which Tia-mat had given birth and . . . , 74 He broke their weapons and bound them (the creatures) to his feet. 75 He made images of them and stationed them at the [Gate] of the Apsû, 76 To be a sign never to be forgotten. 77 [The gods] saw it and were jubilantly happy, 78 (That is,) Lah(mu, Lah(amu and all his fathers. 79 Anšar [embraced] him and published abroad his title, “Victorious King,” 80 Anu, Enlil and Ea gave him gifts. 81 Mother Damkina, who bore him, hailed him, 82 With a clean festal robe she made his face shine. 83 To Usmû, who held her present to give the news, 84 [He entrusted] the vizierate of the Apsû and the care of the holy places. 85 The Igigi assembled and all did obeisance to him, 86 Every one of the Anunnaki was kissing his feet. 87 They all [gathered] to show their submission, 88 [ . . . ] . they stood, they bowed down, “Behold the king!” 89 His fathers [ . . . ] . and took their fill of his beauty, 90 Be-l listened to their utterance, being girded with the dust of battle. 91 . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . ] . . . . . . . 92 Anointing his body with . [ . . . ] cedar perfume. 93 He clothed himself in [his] lordly robe, 94 With a crown of terror as a royal aura. 95 He took up his club and held it in his right hand, 96 . . . ] . he grasped in his left. 97 [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] 98 . . . ] . he set his feet. 99 He put upon . [ . . . 100 The sceptre of prosperity and success [he hung] at his side. 101 After [he had . . . ] the aura [ 102 He adorned(?) his sack, the Apsû, with a fearful [ . . ] 103 Was settled like . [ . . . 104 In [his] throne room [ . . . 105 In his cella [ . . . 106 Every one of the gods [ . . . 107 Lah(mu and Lah(amu . [ . . . . . . . ] . 108 Opened their mouths and [addressed] the Igigi gods, 109 “Previously Marduk was our beloved son, 110 Now he is your king, heed his command!” 111 Next, they all spoke up together, 112 “His name is Lugaldimmerankia, trust in him!” 113 When they had given kingship to Marduk, 114 They addressed to him a benediction for prosperity and success, 115 “Henceforth you are the caretaker of our shrine, 116 Whatever you command, we will do!” 117 Marduk opened his mouth to speak 118 And addressed the gods his fathers, 119 “Above the Apsû, the emerald (?) abode, 120 Opposite Ešarra, which I built for you, 121 Beneath the celestial parts, whose floor I made firm, 122 I will build a house to be my luxurious abode. 123 Within it I will establish its shrine, 124 I will found my chamber and establish my kingship. 125 When you come up from the Apsû to make a decision 126 This will be your resting place before the assembly. 127 When you descend from heaven to make a decision 128 This will be your resting place before the assembly. 129 I shall call its name 'Babylon', “The Homes of the Great Gods”, 130 Within it we will hold a festival: that will be the evening festival. 131 [The gods], his fathers, [heard] this speech of his, 132 . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . ] . they said, 133 “With regard to all that your hands have made, 134 Who has your [ . . . ]? 135 With regard to the earth that your hands have made, 136 Who has your [ . . . ]? 137 In Babylon, as you have named it, 138 Put our [resting place] for ever. 139 . [ . . . . . . . . . ] let them our bring regular offerings 140 . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] . . 141 Whoever [ . . . ] our tasks which we . [ . . . 142 Therein [ . . . . . ] its toil . [ . . . 143 [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] 144 They rejoiced [ . . . . . . . . . . . ] . . [ . . . 145 The gods . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] 146 He who knows [ . . . . . . . . . ] . them 147 He opened [his mouth showing] them light, 148 . . [ . . . . . . . . . ] his speech . [ . ] 149 He made wide [ . . . . . . . . ] . them [ . . . 150 And . [ . . . . . . . . . . . . ] . . . . . 151 The gods bowed down, speaking to him, 152 They addressed Lugaldimmerankia, their lord, 153 “Formerly, lord, [you were our beloved] son, 154 Now you are our king, . . [ . . . ] 155 He who . [ . ] . [ . ] preserved [us] 156 . . [. . . ] the aura of club and sceptre. 157 Let him conceive plans [ . . . . ] . . [ . . . ] 158 [ . ] . . [ . . . . . . that] we . [ . . .”

VI.

1 When Marduk heard the gods' speech 2 He conceived a desire to accomplish clever things. 3 He opened his mouth addressing Ea, 4 He counsels that which he had pondered in his heart, 5 “I will bring together blood to form bone, 6 I will bring into being Lullû, whose name shall be 'man'. 7 I will create Lullû—man 8 On whom the toil of the gods will be laid that they may rest. 9 I will skilfully alter the organization of the gods: 10 Though they are honoured as one, they shall be divided into two.” 11 Ea answered, as he addressed a word to him, 12 Expressing his comments on the resting of the gods, 13 “Let one brother of theirs be given up. 14 Let him perish that people may be fashioned. 15 Let the great gods assemble 16 And let the guilty one be given up that they may be confirmed.” 17 Marduk assembled the great gods, 18 Using gracious direction as he gave his order, 19 As he spoke the gods heeded him: 20 The king addressed a word to the Anunnaki, 21 “Your former oath was true indeed, 22 (Now also) tell me the solemn truth: 23 Who is the one who instigated warfare, 24 Who made Tia-mat rebel, and set battle in motion? 25 Let him who instigated warfare be given up 26 That I may lay his punishment on him; but you sit and rest. 27 The Igigi, the great gods, answered him, 28 That is, Lugaldimmerankia, the counsellor of the gods, the lord, 29 “Qingu is the one who instigated warfare, 30 Who made Tia-mat rebel and set battle in motion.” 31 They bound him, holding him before Ea, 32 They inflicted the penalty on him and severed his blood-vessels. 33 From his blood he (Ea) created mankind, 34 On whom he imposed the service of the gods, and set the gods free. 35 After the wise Ea had created mankind 36 And had imposed the service of the gods upon them— 37 That task is beyond comprehension 38 For Nudimmud performed the creation with the skill of Marduk— 39 King Marduk divided the gods, 40 All the Anunnaki into upper and lower groups. 41 He assigned 300 in the heavens to guard the decrees of Anu 42 And appointed them as a guard. 43 Next he arranged the organization of the netherworld. 44 In heaven and netherworld he stationed 600 gods. 45 After he had arranged all the decrees, 46 And had distributed incomes among the Anunnaki of heaven and netherworld, 47 The Anunnaki opened their mouths 48 And addressed their lord Marduk, 49 “Now, lord, seeing you have established our freedom 50 What favour can we do for you? 51 Let us make a shrine of great renown: 52 Your chamber will be our resting place wherein we may repose. 53 Let us erect a shrine to house a pedestal 54 Wherein we may repose when we finish (the work).” 55 When Marduk heard this, 56 He beamed as brightly as the light of day, 57 “Build Babylon, the task you have sought. 58 Let bricks for it be moulded, and raise the shrine!” 59 The Anunnaki wielded the pick. 60 For one year they made the needed bricks. 61 When the second year arrived, 62 They raised the peak of Esagil, a replica of the Apsû. 63 They built the lofty temple tower of the Apsû 64 And for Anu, Enlil, and Ea they established its . . as a dwelling. 65 He sat in splendour before them, 66 Suveying its horns, which were level with the base of Ešarra. 67 After they had completed the work on Esagil 68 All the Anunnaki constructed their own shrines. 69 300 Igigi of heaven and 600 of the Apsû, all of them, had assembled. 70 Be-l seated the gods, his fathers, at the banquet 71 In the lofty shrine which they had built for his dwelling, 72 (Saying,) “This is Babylon, your fixed dwelling, 73 Take your pleasure here! Sit down in joy! 74 The great gods sat down, 75 Beer-mugs were set out and they sat at the banquet. 76 After they had enjoyed themselves inside 77 They held a service in awesome Esagil. 78 The regulations and all the rules were confirmed: 79 All the gods divided the stations of heaven and netherwor1d. 80 The college of the Fifty great gods took their seats, 81 The Seven gods of destinies were appointed to give decisions. 82 Be-l received his weapon, the bow, and laid it before them: 83 His divine fathers saw the net which he had made. 84 His fathers saw how skilfully wrought was the structure of the bow 85 As they praised what he had made. 86 Anu lifted it up in the divine assembly, 87 He kissed the bow, saying, “It is my daughter!” 88 Thus he called the names of the bow: 89 “Long Stick” was the first; the second was, “May it hit the mark.” 90 With the third name, “Bow Star”, he made it to shine in the sky, 91 He fixed its heavenly position along with its divine brothers. 92 After Anu had decreed the destiny of the bow, 93 He set down a royal throne, a lofty one even for a god, 94 Anu set it there in the assembly of the gods. 95 The great gods assembled, 96 They exalted the destiny of Marduk and did obeisance. 97 They invoked a curse on themselves 98 And took an oath with water and oil, and put their hands to their throats. 99 They granted him the right to exercise kingship over the gods, 100 They confirmed him as lord of the gods of heaven and netherworld. 101 Anšar gave him his exalted name, Asalluh(i 102 “At the mention of his name, let us show submission! 103 When he speaks, let the gods heed him, 104 Let his command be superior in upper and lower regions. 105 May the son, our avenger, be exalted, 106 Let his lordship be superior and himself without rival. 107 Let him shepherd the black-heads, his creatures, 108 Let them tell of his character to future days without forgetting. 109 Let him establish lavish food offerings for his fathers, 110 Let him provide for their maintenance and be caretaker of their sanctuaries, 111 Let him burn incense to rejoice their sanctums. 112 Let him do on earth the same as he has done in heaven: 113 Let him appoint the black-heads to worship him. 114 The subject humans should take note and call on their gods, 115 Since he commands they should heed their goddesses, 116 Let food offerings be brought [for] (?) their gods and goddesses, 117 May they (?) not be forgotten, may they remember their gods, 118 May they . . . their . . , may they . . their shrines. 119 Though the black-heads worship some one, some another god, 120 He is the god of each and every one of us! 121 Come, let us call the fifty names 122 Of him whose character is resplendent, whose achievement is the same. 123 (1) MARDUK As he was named by his father Anu from his birth, 124 Who supplies pasturage and watering, making the stables flourish. 125 Who bound the boastful with his weapon, the storm flood, 126 And saved the gods, his fathers, from distress. 127 He is the son, the sun-god of the gods, he is dazzling, 128 Let them ever walk in his bright light. 129 On the peoples that he created, the living beings, 130 He imposed the service of the gods and they took rest. 131 Creation and annihilation, forgiveness and exacting the penalty 132 Occur at his command, so let them fix their eyes on him. 133 (2) Marukka: he is the god who created them 134 Who put the Anunnaki at ease, the Igigi at rest. 135 (3) Marutukku: he is the support of land, city, and its peoples, 136 Henceforth let the peoples ever heed him. 137 (4) Meršakušu: fierce yet deliberating, angry yet relenting, 138 His mind is wide, his heart is all-embracing. 139 (5) Lugaldimmerankia is the name by which we all called him, 140 Whose command we have exalted above that of the gods his fathers. 141 He is the lord of all the gods of heaven and netherworld, 142 The king at whose injunctions the gods in upper and lower regions shudder. 143 (6) Narilugaldimmerankia is the name we gave him, the mentor of every god, 144 Who established our dwellings in heaven and netherworld in time of trouble, 145 Who distributed the heavenly stations between Igigi and Anunnaki, 146 Let the gods tremble at his name and quake on their seats. 147 (7) Asalluh(i is the name by which his father Anu called him, 148 He is the light of the gods, a mighty hero, 149 Who, as his name says, is a protecting angel for god and land, 150 Who by a terrible combat saved our dwelling in time of trouble. 151 (8) Asalluh(i-Namtilla they called him secondly, the life-giving god, 152 Who, in accordance with the form (of) his (name), restored all the ruined gods, 153 The lord, who brought to life the dead gods by his pure incantation, 154 Let us praise him as the destroyer of the crooked enemies. 155 (9) Asalluh(i-Namru, as his name is called thirdly, 156 The pure god, who cleanses our character.” 157 Anšar, Lah(mu, and Lah(amu (each) called him by three of his names, 158 Then they addressed the gods, their sons, 159 “We have each called him by three of his names,

160 Now you call his names, like us.” 161 The gods rejoiced as they heard their speech, 162 In Upšuukkinaki they held a conference, 163 “Of the warrior son, our avenger, 164 Of the provisioner, let us extol the name.” 165 They sat down in their assembly, summoning the destinies, 166 And with all due rites they called his name:

VII.

1 (10)Asarre, the giver of arable land who established plough-land, 2 The creator of barley and flax, who made plant life grow. 3 (11)Asaralim, who is revered in the counsel chamber, whose counsel excels, 4 The gods heed it and grasp fear of him. 5 (12)Asaralimnunna, the noble, the light of the father, his begetter, 6 Who directs the decrees of Anu, Enlil, and Ea, that is Ninšiku. 7 He is their provisioner, who assigns their incomes, 8 Whose turban multiplies abundance for the land. 9 (13) Tutu is he, who accomplishes their renovation, 10 Let him purify their sanctuaries that they may repose. 11 Let him fashion an incantation that the gods may rest, 12 Though they rise up in fury, let them withdraw. 13 He is indeed exalted in the assembly of the gods, his [fathers], 14 No one among the gods can [equal] him. 15 (14) Tutu-Ziukkinna, the life of [his] host, 16 Who established, the pure heavens for the gods, 17 Who took charge of their courses, who appointed [their stations], 16 May he not be forgotten among mortals, but [let them remember] his deeds. 19 (15) Tutu-Ziku they called him thirdly, the establisher of purification, 20 The god of the pleasant breeze, lord of success and obedience, 21 Who produces bounty and wealth, who establishes abundance, 22 Who turns everything scant that we have into profusion, 23 Whose pleasant breeze we sniffed in time of terrible trouble, 24 Let men command that his praises be constantly uttered, let them offer worship to him. 25 As (16) Tutu-Agaku, fourthly, let humans extol him, 26 Lord of the pure incantation, who brought the dead back to life, 27 Who showed mercy on the Bound Gods, 28 Who threw the imposed yoke on the gods, his enemies, 29 And to spare them created mankind. 30 The merciful, in whose power it is to restore to life, 31 Let his words be sure and not forgotten 32 From the mouths of the black-heads, his creatures. 33 As (17) Tutu-Tuku, fifthly, let their mouth give expression to his pure spell, 34 Who extirpated all the wicked by his pure incantation. 35 (18) Šazu, who knew the heart of the gods, who saw the reins, 36 Who did not let an evil-doer escape from him, 37 Who established the assembly of the gods, who rejoiced their hearts, 38 Who subjugated the disobedient, he is the gods' encompassing protection. 39 He made truth to prosper, he uprooted perverse speech, 40 He separated falsehood from truth. 41 As (19) Šazu-Zisi, secondly, let them continually praise him, the subduer of aggressors, 42 Who ousted consternation of from the bodies of the gods, his fathers. 43 (20) Šazu-Suh(rim, thirdly, who extirpated every foe with his weapons, 44 Who confounded their plans and turned them into wind. 45 He snuffed out all the wicked who came against him, 46 Let the gods ever shout acclamations in the assembly. 47 (21) Šazu-Suh(gurim, fourthly, who established success for the gods, his fathers, 48 Who extirpated foes and destroyed their offspring, 49 Who scattered their achievements, leaving no part of them, 50 Let his name be spoken and proclaimed in the land. 51 As (22) Šazu-Zah(rim, fifthly, let future gererations discuss him, 52 The destroyer of every rebel, of all the disobedient, 53 Who brought all the fugitive gods into the shrines, 54 Let this name of his be established. 55 As (23) Šazu-Zah(gurim, sixthly, let them altogether and everywhere worship him, 56 Who himself destroyed all the foes in battle. 57 (24) Enbilulu is he, the lord who supplies them abundantly, 58 Their great chosen one, who provides cereal offerings, 59 Who keeps pasturage and watering in good condition and established it for the land, 60 Who opened watercourses and distributed plentiful water. 61 (25) Enbilulu-Epadun, lord of common land and . . ., let them [call him] secondly, 62 Canal supervisor of heaven and netherworld, who sets the furrow, Who establishes clean arable land in the open country, 63 Who directs irrigation ditch and canal, and marks out the furrow. 64 As (26) Enbilulu-Gugal, canal supervisor of the water courses of the gods, let them praise him thirdly, 65 Lord of abundance, profusion, and huge stores (of grain), 66 Who provides bounty, who enriches human habitations, 67 Who gives wheat, and brings grain into being. 68 (27) Enbilulu-H(egal, who accumulates abundance for the peoples . . . . 69 Who rains down riches on the broad earth, and supplies abundant vegetation. 70 (28) Sirsir, who heaped up a mountain on top of Tia-mat, 71 Who plundered the corpse of Tia-mat with [his] weapons, 72 The guardian of the land, their trustworthy shepherd, 73 Whose hair is a growing crop, whose turban is a furrow, 74 Who kept crossing the broad Sea in his fury, 75 And kept crossing over the place of her battle as though it were a bridge. 76 (29) Sirsir-Malah( they named him secondly—so be it— 77 Tia-mat was his boat, he was her sailor. 78 (30) Gil, who ever heaps up piles of barley, massive mounds, 79 The creator of grain and flocks, who gives seed for the land. 80 (31) Gilima, who made the bond of the gods firm, who created stability, 81 A snare that overwhelmed them, who yet extended favours. 82 (32) Agilima, the lofty, who snatches off the crown, who takes charge of snow, 83 Who created the earth on the water and made firm the height of heaven. 84 (33) Zulum, who assigns meadows for the gods and divides up what he has created, 85 Who gives incomes and food-offerings, who administers shrines. 86 (34) Mummu, creator of heaven end underworld, who protects refugees, 87 The god who purifies heaven and underworld, secondly Zulummu, 88 In respect of whose strength none other among the gods can equal him. 89 (35) Gišnumunab, creator of all the peoples, who made the world regions, 90 Who destroyed Tia-mat's gods, and made peoples from part of them. 91 (36) Lugalabdubur, the king who scattered the works of Tia-mat, who uprooted her weapons, 92 Whose foundation is secure on the “Fore and Aft”. 93 (37) Pagalguenna, foremost of all lords, whose strength is exalted, 94 Who is the greatest among the gods, his brothers, the most noble of them all. 95 (38) Lugaldurmah(, king of the bond of the gods, lord of Durmah(u, 96 Who is the greatest in the royal abode, infinitely more lofty than the other gods. 97 (39) Aranunna, counsellor of Ea, creator of the gods, his fathers, 98 Whom no god can equal in respect of his lordly walk. 99 (40) Dumuduku, who renews for himself his pure abode in Duku, 100 Dumuduku, without whom Lugalduku does not make a decision. 101 (41) Lugalšuanna, the king whose strength is exalted among the gods, 102 The lord, the strength of Anu, he who is supreme, chosen of Anšar. 103 (42) Irugga, who plundered them all in the Sea, 104 Who grasps all wisdom, is comprehensive in understanding. 105 (43) Irqingu, who plundered Qingu in . . . battle, 106 Who directs all decrees and establishes lordship. 107 (44) Kinma, the director of all the gods, who gives counsel, 108 At whose name the gods bend down in reverence as before a hurricane. 109 (45) Dingir-Esiskur—let him take his lofty seat in the House of Benediction, 110 Let the gods bring their presents before him 111 Until he receives their offerings. 112 No one but he accomplishes clever things 113 The four (regions) of black-heads are his creation, 114 Apart from him no god knows the measure of their days. 115 (46) Girru, who makes weapons hard (?), 116 Who accomplished clever things in the battle with Tia-mat, 117 Comprehensive in wisdom, skilled in understanding, 118 A deep mind, that all the gods combined do not understand. 119 Let (47) Addu be his name, let him cover the whole span of heaven, 120 Let him thunder with his pleasant voice upon the earth, 121 May the rumble fill (?) the clouds And give sustenance to the peoples below. 122 (48) Aša-ru, who, as his name says, mustered the Divine Fates 123 He indeed is the warden of absolutely all peoples. 124 As (49) Ne-beru let him hold the crossing place of heaven and underworld, 125 They should not cross above or below, but should wait for him. 126 Ne-beru is his star, which he caused to shine in the sky, 127 Let him take his stand on the heavenly staircase that they may look at him. 128 Yes, he who constantly crosses the Sea without resting, 129 Let his name be Ne-beru, who grasps her middle, 130 Let him fix the paths of the stars of heaven, 131 Let him shepherd all the gods like sheep, 132 Let him bind Tia-mat and put her life in mortal danger, 133 To generations yet unborn, to distant future days, 134 May he continue unchecked, may he persist into eternity. 135 Since he created the heavens and fashioned the earth, 136 Enlil, the father, called him by his own name, (50) 'Lord of the Lands'. 137 Ea heard the names which all the Igigi called 138 And his spirit became radiant. 139 “Why! He whose name was extolled by his fathers 140 Let him, like me, be called (51) 'Ea'. 141 Let him control the sum of all my rites, 142 Let him administer all my decrees.” 143 With the word “Fifty” the great gods 144 Called his fifty names and assigned him an outstanding position. 145 They should be remembered; a leading figure should expound them, 146 The wise and learned should confer about them, 147 A father should repeat them and teach them to his son, 148 One should explain them to shepherd and herdsman. 149 If one is not negligent to Marduk, the Enlil of the gods, 150 May one's land flourish, and oneself prosper, 151 (For) his word is reliable, his command unchanged, 152 No god can alter the utterance of his mouth. 153 When he looks in fury, he does not relent, 154 When his anger is ablaze, no god can face him. 155 His mind is deep, his spirit is all-embracing, 156 Before whom sin and transgression are sought out. 157 Instruction which a leading figure repeated before him (Marduk): 158 He wrote it down and stored it so that generations to come might hear it. 159 [ . . ] . Marduk, who created the Igigi gods, 160 Though they diminish . . . let them call on his name. 161 . . . the song of Marduk, 162 Who defeated Tia-mat and took kingship

 
Read more...

from Тетрадка | Notebook

R hslfow szev nvmgrlmvw yvuliv, gszg, rm gsv zfgfnm lu gsv kivxvwrmt bvzi, R szw ulin'w nlhg lu nb rmtvmrlfh zxjfzrmgzmxv rmgl z xofy lu nfgfzo rnkilevnvmg, dsrxs dzh xzoovw gsv Qfmgl; dv nvg lm Uirwzb vevmrmth. Gsv ifovh gszg R wivd fk ivjfrivw gszg vevib nvnyvi, rm srh gfim, hslfow kilwfxv lmv li nliv jfvirvh lm zmb klrmg lu Nlizoh, Klorgrxh, li Mzgfizo Ksrolhlksb, gl yv wrhxfhh'w yb gsv xlnkzmb; zmw lmxv rm gsivv nlmgsh kilwfxv zmw ivzw zm vhhzb lu srh ldm dirgrmt, lm zmb hfyqvxg sv kovzhvw. Lfi wvyzgvh dviv gl yv fmwvi gsv wrivxgrlm lu z kivhrwvmg, zmw gl yv xlmwfxgvw rm gsv hrmxviv hkrirg lu rmjfrib zugvi gifgs, drgslfg ulmwmvhh uli wrhkfgv, li wvhriv lu erxglib; zmw, gl kivevmg dzings, zoo vckivhhrlmh lu klhrgrevmvhh rm lkrmrlmh, li wrivxg xlmgizwrxgrlm, dviv zugvi hlnv grnv nzwv xlmgizyzmw, zmw kilsryrgvw fmwvi hnzoo kvxfmrzib kvmzogrvh.

 
Read more...

from Тетрадка | Notebook

“Както водата, газта и електричеството идват отдалеч в нашето жилище с помощта на почти незабележимо движение на ръката, за да ни обслужат, така ще бъдем снабдявани с картини или с поредици от тонове, които ще се появяват с помощта на едно леко движение, почти знак, и също тъй ще ни напускат.”

 
Read more...

from Kevin Neely's Security Notes

I finally decided to move my #NextCloud instance from one that I had been operating on the #Vultr hosting service to my #HomeLab.

A note on Vultr: I am impressed with this service. I have used them for multiple projects and paid with various means, from credit card to #cryptocurrency for about 10 years and I cannot even remember a downtime that impacted me. (In fact, I think there was only one real downtime, which was planned, well-communicated, and didn’t impact me because my setup was fairly resilient). With a growing volume of data, and sufficient spare hardware that wasn’t doing anything, I decided to bring it in-house.

This is not going to be a full guide, as there are plenty of those, but I did run into some hurdles that may be common, especially if a pre-built Nextcloud instance was used. So this is meant to provide some color and augment the official and popular documentation.

Getting started

Plan out the migration

Migration Overview

Essentially, there are three high-level steps to this process 1. Build a new Nextcloud server in the homelab 2. Copy the configuration (1 file), database (1 backup file), apps (install apps), and data (all user files) over to the new system 3. Restore all the copied data to the new instance

Preparing to Migrate

  1. Start with the NextCloud official documentation for migrating to a different server as well as:
    1. Backing up Nextcloud
    2. and the restoring a server doc
  2. Check out Nicholas Henkey’s migrate Nextcloud to a new server blog post. This is very thorough and has some great detail if you’re not super familiar with Nextcloud (because you used a pre-built instance)
  3. For the new build:
    1. A full set of installation instructions, placing [Nextcloud behind an Nginx proxy](https://github.com/jameskimmel/Nextcloud_Ubuntu/blob/main/nextcloud_behind_NGINX_proxy.md.
    2. An older install document for Installing Nextcloud on Ubuntu with Redis, APCu, SSL & Apache

Migration

While the official documentation describes the basics, the following is the steps I recommend following. This is at a medium level, providing the details, but not the specific command-line arguments (mostly).

  1. Build the new server
    1. Use your favorite flavor of Linux (I used Debian, and these notes will reflect that)
      1. install all updates,
      2. install fail2ban or similar security if you’re exposing this to the Internet.
      3. name the new system the same as the outgoing server
    2. Download the Nextcloud install from the nextcloud download site and choose either:
      1. update the current system to the latest version of whatever major version your running, and then download latest-XX.tar.bz2 where ‘XX’ is your version
      2. identify your exact version and download it from nextcloud
    3. Install the dependencies (mariaDB, redis, php, apache, etc. etc.)
      1. note: if the source server is running nginx, I recommend sticking with that for simplicity, keeping in mind that only Apache is officially supported
    4. Unpack Nextcloud
    5. Validate that it’s working
    6. Place it into maintenance mode
  2. Backup the data

    1. If using multi-factor authentication, find your recovery codes or create new ones
    2. Place the server into maintenance mode
    3. Backup the database
    4. copy the database backup to a temporary location on the new server
  3. Restore the data

    1. Restore the database
    2. copy /path/to/nextcloud/config/config.php over the existing config.php
    3. rsync the data/ directory to the new server
      1. you can remove old logs in the data directory
      2. you may need to use an intermediary step, like a USB drive. It’s best if this is ext4 formatted so you can retain attributes
      3. the rsync options should include -Aaxr you may want -v and/or --progress to get a better feel for what’s going on
      4. if rsync-ing over ssh, the switch is -e ssh
    4. If you have installed any additional apps for your Nextcloud environment, rsync the apps/ directory in the same way as the data dir above
    5. Validate the permissions in your nextcloud, data, and apps directories. Fix as necessary, see the info Nicholas Henkey’s post (linked above) for commands
    6. Redirect your A or CNAME record to the new system
    7. Configure SSL on the new system
    8. Turn off maintenance mode
    9. Log in and test! :fingers-crossed:

Troubleshooting

Hopefully everything is working. Make sure to check the logs if something is broken.

log locations – the nextcloud.log in the data/ directory – the apache logs in /var/log/apache2 – the redis logs in /var/log/redis – the system logs, accessible with journalctl

Reiterating: Remember or check for these items

These are the specific notes I took as I ran into problems that I had to work around or solve. These are incorporated in the above, so this is basically a restatement of the gotchas I ran into:

  • upgrade the current one to the latest version of the current release (i.e. the latest of the major version you are on, so if you were running 29.0.3, get to 29.0.9)
    • this makes it easier when you download <version>-latest.tar.bz2
    • If you’d prefer to skip that, use the nextcloud download site with all available versions. Make sure to grab the same one and compare the specific version as listed in config.php. Example: 'version' => '29.0.9.2',
  • use the same name on the new server
  • use the same web server. Apache is officially supported, but if you’re using nginx, it will be easier to stay on that.
  • Most multi-factor authentication, like WebAuthN, FIDO hardware keys, etc. will not work over HTTP in the clear.
    • IOW: make sure you have recovery codes
  • If the apps aren’t copied over, the new server sees them as installed rather than installable. I suppose one could “delete” or remove them in the admin GUI and then reinstall, but otherwise, there was no button to force a reinstall.
  • Files and data you need to copy over after creating the install. Do each of these separately, rather
    • if you have any additional apps, copy the apps/ directory over
    • copy config.php
    • copy the data/ directory
  • Is your current install using Redis-based transactional file locking?
    • If the previous system was using Redis and it is still in the configuration, the new system will not be able to obtain file-locking and essentially all users will be read-only and not able to modify or create new files.
    • In config.php, you will see settings such as 'redis' and 'memcache.locking' => '\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis',
    • make sure Redis is installed on the new system and running on the same port (or change the port in config.php)
    • Install the necessary software: apt install redis-server php-redis php-apcu
    • Ensure that the Redis and APCu settings in config.php are according to the documented single-server settings

The Memcache settings should look something like the following configuration snippet. Alternatively, you could enable and use the process socket.


'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
'memcache.distributed' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis',
'memcache.locking' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis',
'redis' => [
     'host' => 'localhost',
     'port' => 6379,
],
 
Read more...

from Kevin Neely's Security Notes

Nextcloud administration notes

These instructions and administrative notes were written for the pre-built Nextcloud provided by hosting provider Vultr. As a way to de- #Google my life and take back a bit of #privacy, I have been using a Vultr-hosted instance for a couple years now and it has run quite well. These notes are really aimed at the small instance for personal use. Please don’t use my notes if you’re responsible for an enterprise server!

Upgrading Nextcloud

#Nextcloud, with all it's PHP-based functionality, can become temperamental if not upgraded appropriately.  These are my notes to remind me how to now completely break things. When upgrading, the first pass will usually bring you to the most up-to-date version of Nextcloud in your major release, e.g. an instance running 27.1.4 would be brought up to 27.1.11. Running the script again would bring the instance to 28.0.x.

To update a Nextcloud server running on the #Vultr service to the latest version, you need to follow the steps below:

  1. Backup your Nextcloud data: Before starting any update process, it's always a good idea to create a backup of your Nextcloud data. This will ensure that you can restore your data in case of any unexpected issues during the update process.
    1. Shutdown the OS with shutdown -h now
    2. Power down the instance in Vultr
    3. Create a snapshot
    4. Wait
    5. Wait some more – depending on how much data is hosted on the system
    6. Power it back up
  2. SSH into the Vultr server: To update the Nextcloud server, you need to access the server using SSH. You can use an SSH client such as PuTTY to connect to the Vultr server.
  3. Switch to the Nextcloud user: Once you are logged in, switch to the Nextcloud user using the following command: sudo su -s /bin/bash www-data.
  4. Navigate to the Nextcloud directory: Navigate to the Nextcloud directory using the following command: cd/var/www/html  (could be /var/www/nextcloud or other.  Check what's in use)
  5. Stop the Nextcloud service: To avoid any conflicts during the update process, stop the Nextcloud service using the following command (as www-data): php occ maintenance:mode --on 
  6. Update the Nextcloud server: To update the Nextcloud server, you need to run the following command(as www-data): php updater/updater.phar. This will start the update process and download the latest version of Nextcloud.
  7. Update the OS, as needed, with apt upgrade
  8. Start the Nextcloud service: Once the update is complete and verified, you can start the Nextcloud service using the following command: sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --off.
  9. Verify the update: After the update process is complete, you can verify the update by accessing the Nextcloud login page. You should see the latest version of Nextcloud listed on the login page.
  10. Assuming all is running smoothly, the snapshot that was created in step 1 can be safely deleted. Otherwise, they accrue charges on the order of pennies / gigabyte / day.

Some other notes

Remove files in the trash

When a user deletes files, it can take a long time from them to actually disappear from the server.

root@cloud:/var/www/html# sudo -u www-data php -f /var/www/html/cron.php root@cloud:/var/www/html# sudo -u www-data php occ config:app:delete files_trashbin background_job_expire_trash

Set files to expire

root@cloud:/var/www/html# sudo -u www-data php occ config:app:set —value=yes iles_trashbin background_job_expire_trash

 
Read more...

from Sirius

O historiador grego do século I a.C., Diodoro, é considerado um compilador de fontes antigas, dentre elas alguns dos ensinamentos de Demócrito de Abdera. Em sua obra, Biblioteca de História (Tomo I, Capítulo 8), encontramos um relato da origem dos seres vivos e dos primeiros homens, que são atribuídos aos ensinamentos de Demócrito por especialistas como Diels, Vlastos, Reinhardt e Beresford. Dando início a meus estudos sobre Protágoras que, como discípulo de Demócrito, compartilhava com ele algumas concepções naturalistas e humanistas, apresento uma tradução do relato da pré-história de Diodoro. Felizmente a obra Biblioteca de História, de Diodoro, foi disponibilizada em inglês pela Universidade de Chicago nesse site.

Transcrevo a seguir o relato dos primeiros homens de Diodoro, como texto inicial para o estudo da conexão do pensamento de Demócrito com o de Protágoras (inclusive as semelhanças e diferenças com o mito de Prometeu e Epimeteu, atribuído a Protágoras no diálogo homônimo, de Platão):

Relato da pré-história de Diodoro

(…) os primeiros homens a nascer (…) levavam uma vida indisciplinada e bestial, saindo um a um para garantir sua subsistência e alimentando-se tanto das ervas mais tenras quanto dos frutos das árvores selvagens. Então, como foram atacados pelas feras, vieram em auxílio uns dos outros, sendo instruídos pela necessidade, e, quando se reuniram dessa maneira devido ao medo, gradualmente começaram a reconhecer suas características mútuas. E embora os sons que produziam fossem no início incompreensíveis e indistintos, aos poucos conseguiram articular sua fala, e, ao concordar entre si sobre símbolos para cada coisa que se apresentava a eles, tornaram conhecido entre si o significado que deveria ser atribuído a cada termo. Mas, como grupos desse tipo surgiram por todas as partes do mundo habitado, nem todos os homens tinham a mesma linguagem, uma vez que cada grupo organizou os elementos de sua fala por mero acaso. Esta é a explicação da existência atual de todos os tipos concebíveis de linguagem e, além disso, a partir desses primeiros grupos formados surgiram todas as nações originais do mundo.

Agora, os primeiros homens, uma vez que nenhuma das coisas úteis para a vida havia sido descoberta ainda, levavam uma existência miserável, não tendo roupas para se cobrir, não sabendo o uso de habitações e fogo, e também sendo totalmente ignorantes de alimentos cultivados. Pois como também negligenciaram até mesmo a colheita dos alimentos selvagens, não acumularam nenhum estoque de seus frutos contra suas necessidades; consequentemente, um grande número deles pereceu nos invernos devido ao frio e à falta de alimentos. Pouco a pouco, no entanto, a experiência os ensinou tanto a buscar as cavernas no inverno quanto a armazenar os frutos que podiam ser preservados. E quando se familiarizaram com o fogo e outras coisas úteis, as artes também e tudo o que é capaz de promover a vida social do homem foram gradualmente descobertos. De fato, falando de modo geral, em todas as coisas foi a própria necessidade que se tornou a professora do homem, fornecendo de maneira apropriada instrução em todos os assuntos a uma criatura que foi bem dotada pela natureza e que tinha, como assistentes para todos os propósitos, mãos, logos (razão) e anchinoia (sagacidade mental).

E no que diz respeito à primeira origem dos homens e seu modo de vida mais primitivo, nos contentaremos com o que foi dito, uma vez que desejamos manter a devida proporção em nosso relato.

#Filosofia #Demócrito #Protágoras

 
Leia mais...

from Tai Lam in Science

I need to figure out how to reasonably deal mail and deliveries privately.

How it started

I donated to a local nonprofit in 2024, and I really shouldn't say this, but I honestly wish I never did. However, this is not due to a reason you probably expect.

I started to receive significantly more junk mail from charitable nonprofits and groups, more so than usual (at least since the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic). I won't name specific names, but this was a local nonprofit which has a total annual budget size between the order of $1 million and $10 million.

(To the reader: if we know each other IRL, then I'll tell you who the offending org is; and if your savvy with implementing an actionable fix with the issue below, then maybe we can work out a way for me to get out of this rut of a “situation” — as if this is or should be by highest priority project to take on right now. Let's just say that some of you will be surprised by the org I have in mind, which either intentionally uses the services of data brokers, or at least has some heuristic workflow that is leaking donor info to data brokers. The overall situation has a bit of a tragic irony.)

I'm (usually) not a vengeful person, at least when it comes to nonprofit orgs genuinely acting in good faith; but I am keeping a running list of these others orgs that engage in buying/selling/sharing snail mail lists as orgs I won't donate money to in the future, due to their respective disregard for mail privacy. However, there are 3 national-level orgs that have (so far) never sold out to physical mail lists: the ACLU, including state chapters; the EFF; and the Freedom of the Press Foundation. I am purposefully excluding comparatively technical groups that would respect the privacy and security of others in general, such as the Signal Foundation and The Tor Project.

On the other hand, the only other way to avoid excessive physical mail list tracking is to donate to small local nonprofits. (Any method is fine — if you're super concerned about protecting your membership info, using a PO box for your mailing address and renewing your member dues via paper check is more than sufficient for most local community members.) This is because these groups literally don't have the money to spend for mass mail solicitations or blanket marketing.

After this happened, I expressed to a local activist about how I'm going to go straight for a paid plan on Privacy.com (at least the lower tier) and skip the free plan. Additionally, I commented that I reaction was essentially the “I can't believe you've done this” meme. (Somehow, I was initially confused this with the “Charlie bit my finger” meme.)

How it's going (and the future)

I no longer think it's safe for me to order computers and ship the delivery to my residential address, using my own debit card. (That does remind me – I really should get a credit card for better payment protection and everything else that encompasses.)

I remembered that I ordered the HP Dev One in 2022 and the box's outer shipping box wasn't even taped closed when it arrived on my doorstep. Due to my living situation since 2020, I no longer trust anything that goes through the mail, and after Andrew “bunnie” Huang's assessment of overall supply chain security after the 2024 exploding pager incident in Lebanon, I think it's about high time I figure out the logistics of shipping to a private mail box (PMB) – or maybe I use a friend's address and/or credit card to purchase an online only computer (while I pay my friend for the cost, of course).

However, quite a few large computer manufacturers, who primarily have B2B (business-to-business) though also some minor B2C (business-to-consumer) sales, will tell customers that sending deliveries to a PO Box is not allowed during checkout. This includes Lenovo, HP, and even Framework. (I have to double check for System76.) This is partly why I was sad when Costco no longer sold any in-store ThinkPad laptops anymore (one probable cause might be the pandemic, but that's another matter).

If you have any somewhat serious considerations to become a Linux distro maintainer or even a package manager (such as the AUR/MPR), you should at least consider this while threat modeling. I recall Ariadne Conill tweeting about how a Lenovo ThinkPad laptop that they tried ordering online was suspiciously redirected to Langely, Virginia while en route to their home in early 2022, which was symptomatic of mail interdiction. However, those tweets were deleted around late 2022 or early 2023.

 
Read more...

from lobster

There is always something new to try... https://soapbox.pub/servers/

BUT I am now a concentrate and focus. Too much candy? Too many ideas and possibilities? It all depends on the priorities we need. In other words what is your hat colour? Black, white, grey or red? No hats for me, not even green or hoody.

Security for me is transparency or zero preference. Otherwise I am spending all my time on noise and “AI” generated attempts to fathom my rousing browsing. I am already using too many browsers, except TOR. Which is one rocky peek too many.

Slow too. Too slow. Like my keyboard. Old and clunky. Noisy and dusty. Good enough...

 
Read more...

from Tai Lam in Science

There was a guide from early 2023 on what to change in the default KDF settings of Bitwarden.

(The guide has been saved on the Wayback Machine and archive.today.)

You must log in via browser to edit these settings. (Neither the desktop apps nor the mobile apps can change the following settings.)

  1. From the main screen in Bitwarden, navigate through the following menus: Security (vertical menu) > Keys (horizontal)
  2. Select Argon2id for “KDF algorithm” and enter 10 for “KDF iterations”.
  3. Enter 64 for “KDF memory (MB)” and 8 for “KDF parallelism” (number of threads).
  4. If you changed any settings, then click on the “Change KDF” button to save any changes (and Bitwarden will log you out of your account on all devices).
    • Otherwise, if no changes were made, then you can leave the “Keys” menu.

Personal context

I need to make sure I have something I can reference when I set up organization accounts on Bitwarden for colleagues and friends.

I vaguely remember that this was discussed roughly around the same about how the default KDF for LUKS (full disk encryption on Linux) was set up. Back in April-May 2023, the sources for episode 132 of the the Surveillance Report podcast was released during the time when the podcast released roughly biweekly – so the podcast lagged at least 1-2 weeks behind current events.

This forum thread helped to date this news story, as well as this assessment.

 
Read more...

from lobster

Remember KISS? Keep It Simple Stewpit,

We do not have to spread ourselves thinly. We can rely on the wheel being invented. We can focus on less but better and complete and cooperate and merge efforts. That is why I trust my experience and others who are offering real services I need. Real alternatives. Really simple. Really.

 
Read more...

from beverageNotes

This evening it's Old Granddad 114. I picked it up at Costco for under $30. I've heard good things about it, so I thought it was time to try it.

The proof makes it hot, so I'm having it with some ice. On the nose, I'm getting maple, chipotle, and maybe some anise. I don't notice anything right away on the tongue, but the maple shows up with some cinnamon. The heat, along with the flavors, lingers on the tongue. There's briefly a hint of anise later. The heat sticks around and follows the swallow and hangs around.

I'm kind of reminded of whisky's that have been finished in amburana casks, but the maple isn't quite as strong.

We'll see how the second dram this evening goes...

 
Read more...

from Bruno Miguel

Winter is coming. Not with some sort of ice zombies and dragons, but with colds, probably flu. Oh, and the damn fucking sinusitis.

This last one is a bitch! Every few years, my sinusitis headaches become so bad that it feels like I spent a week hitting my head on the walls. This year is an example of this: it's not even winter, and I've had a headache from sinusitis for almost two weeks, with some days so bad that I could barely keep my eyes open and had to take almost twice the recommended amount of pills just to be able to decrease it a little.

The flu wouldn't cause me this much pain.

If this is already happening during autumn, it will probably be much more painful during winter. This is just what I needed: even more pain... It's not like the fibromyalgia keeps me in a ton of pain 24/7...

#Sinusitis #Ramblings

 
Read more...